• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A machine (20) for mowing stalk-like crops is provided with several mowing and intake devices (58a to 58d) arranged laterally next to one another for cutting and conveying the harvested crop, to which a conveying channel is assigned, in which the cut crop is passed through the mowing and intake devices (58a to 58d) and / or separate conveyors (64a, 64b, 68) can be conveyed at a conveying speed in the transverse direction to the center (66) of the machine (20) and from there to a rear delivery point (110). The conveying speed in the conveying channel increases gradually over the width of the machine (20) towards the center (66).
    公开号:BE1022788B1
    申请号:E2014/0465
    申请日:2014-06-25
    公开日:2016-09-06
    发明作者:Jan-Dirk Schild；Martin Hüning；Clemens Weitenberg；Gregor Sueck；Hockenbeck Leo Schulze；Daniel Gevers
    申请人:Maschinenfabrik Kemper Gmbh & Co. Kg；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Machine for mowing a stalk-like crop with successively rising crops
    Querförderqeschwindiqkeit
    Description '
    The invention relates to a machine for mowing stalk-like crop, with a plurality of laterally juxtaposed mowing and collection devices for cutting and conveying the crop, which is associated with a leading across the plants width of the machine extending conveyor channel in which the crops cut by the mowing - And collection devices and / or separate conveyor with a conveying speed in the transverse direction to the center of the machine and from there to a rear discharge point is conveyed.
    State of the art
    In DE 195 27 607 A1 a mowing device for stalked stalk crop is described, which is equipped with four distributed over the working width conveyor and mower discs. The crop is mowed from the conveyor and mower discs, transported in pocket-shaped recesses on their back and there cleared out by the same direction rotating Ausräumerscheiben from the pocket-shaped recesses. The material is then transported through the Ausräumerscheiben on the rear wall of the mowing device until it is taken over by the back of a further inside conveyor and mower disc. The material is thus transported alternately through the conveyor and mower discs and the Ausräumerscheiben along the rear wall.
    In EP 0 760 200 A1 another machine for mowing stem-like crops is disclosed in which a plurality of intake and mowing drums are distributed over the working width. The material is transported inwards at the rear of the intake and mowing drums along the rear wall, whereby it is conveyed in the gusset area between adjacent intake and mowing drums of transverse conveyor drums, which pass through slots in the rear wall.
    EP 1 008 291 A1 proposes a further machine for harvesting stalked stalk material which is provided with a plurality of drum-shaped receiving elements distributed over the working width for receiving and conveying the harvested crop. The estate is fed by the receiving elements an independent cross conveyor, which is arranged in the direction of travel behind the receiving elements. The cross conveyor conveys the material along a guide wall, which is arranged immediately behind the receiving elements. Conveyor drums or conveyor belts are used as cross conveyors.
    The production channel, in which the plants are led to the center of the machine and finally to the forage harvester, must, under normal harvesting conditions, i. if plants enter at all catchment and mowing drums, the more they get closer to the middle of the machine, the more plants they pick up. Regardless of whether the crop is conveyed through the intake and mowing drums (DE 195 27 607 A1, EP 0 760 200 A1) or an independent transverse conveyor (EP 1 008 291 A1) in the conveying channel to the center of the machine, the dimensioning of the Delivery channel as problematic. If its width chosen so large that it can absorb the highest conceivable flow rates, the crop is poorly maintained and promoted at low throughputs or only on a part of the intake and mowing drums incoming plants because it does not fill the conveyor channel and not satisfactory cooperates with the conveyor elements. If you reduce the width of the delivery channel, it can not absorb higher flow rates, which can lead to blockages.
    To solve this problem has been proposed (DE 102 49 458 A1), to arrange a movable width definition element in the conveying channel, which defines the width of the conveyor channel depending on the crop quantity. Here an additional effort for the width definition element and its movable attachment is required.
    It has also been proposed that the transverse conveying speed be successively increased for the purpose of accelerating and compacting the crop at the inlet of the forage harvester by means of corresponding conveying speeds of the discharge conveyors arranged on the rear side of the inner mowing and collecting drums (EP 1 543 714 A2). The problem of throughput-dependent promotion of the plants in the delivery channel along the width of the machine is not solved thereby.
    task
    The object underlying the invention is seen to provide a machine for mowing stalk-like crop, which can handle both smaller and larger flow rates satisfactorily. solution
    This object is achieved by the teaching of claim 1, wherein in the other claims features are listed, which further develop the solution in an advantageous manner.
    A machine for mowing stalk-like crop comprises a plurality of laterally juxtaposed mowing and collection devices for cutting and conveying the crop, which is a leading across the plants width of the machine (ie the part of the machine through which the plants from the outermost mowing and Feeding devices are conveyed to the delivery point) is assigned to extending conveyor channel, in which the crops cut by the mowing and collection devices and / or separate conveyor with a conveying speed in the transverse direction to the center of the machine and from there to a rear discharge point and in a forage harvester is conveyed , The mowing and intake devices and / or separate conveyors are dimensioned and drivable so that the conveying speed in the conveying channel over the width of the machine towards the center increases successively.
    In this way, the closer they get to the center, the faster the plants are transported transversely to the center of the machine. As a result, the width of the conveying channel can remain at least approximately the same over its length, because the successively increasing transverse conveying speed compensates for the amount of plants increasing in the middle of the normal operation. This has the advantageous consequence that even at relatively low flow rates or only at a lateral end of the machine incoming plants problem-free cross-transport is possible.
    The separate conveyors are preferably in the gusset area between adjacent mowing and intake devices arranged at the rear transverse conveyor drums. In another embodiment, it is also possible to use a transverse conveyor which operates completely separate from the mowing and drawing-in devices and which is equipped, for example, with a conveyor belt or a transverse conveyor worm or a chain conveyor.
    The mowing and intake devices are composed in particular of lower cutting discs and conveying discs arranged above them. However, embodiments are also conceivable in which occur in place of the conveyor discs chain conveyor.
    The mowing and intake devices and / or separate conveyors are preferably drivable by the forage harvester by means of a common shaft which is drivingly connected to the mowing and intake devices and / or separate conveyors via this associated gear, the transmissions having different gear ratios. It is also conceivable that the mowing and intake devices and / or separate conveyor can be driven by their associated motors, which may be, for example, electric or hydraulic motors.
    The mowing and collection devices may have the same or different diameters.
    Finally, the conveying speed of the mowing and intake devices and / or separate conveyor may be fixed or variable, in particular by variable transmission or variable speed motors. In the second case, there is the possibility of the crop throughput across the width of the machine by means of a sensor or several sensors (eg for detecting the drive torque of the mowing and intake device or conveyor, or a camera with an image processing system for field observation and estimation the Erntegutdurchsatzes the mowing and intake devices) to capture and use a controller for specifying the conveying speed of the mowing and intake devices and / or separate conveyor. In this case, the conveying speed is preferably proportional to the respective throughput of the mowing and intake device or of the separate conveyor. Under normal harvesting conditions, i. at over the width of the machine at least approximately homogeneous throughput is then automatically selected the described, to the middle of the machine successively increasing transverse conveying speed, while the cross-conveying speed over the width of the machine is constant, when entering only at an outer end of the machine plants.
    Working Example
    In the drawings, two embodiments of the invention described in more detail below are shown. It shows:
    1 is a schematic, partially sectioned side view of a harvester in the form of a forage harvester,
    2 is a plan view of a machine for mowing stalk-like crop for attachment to the forage harvester of FIG. 1;
    Fig. 3 is a plan view of the drive train of the machine for mowing stalk-like crop, and
    Fig. 4 is a plan view of a second embodiment of the drive train of the machine.
    1 shows a harvester 10 in the form of a forage harvester in a schematic side view. The harvester 10 builds on a chassis 12 supported by front driven wheels 14 and steerable rear wheels 16. The operation of the harvesting machine 10 is carried out by a driver's cab 18, from which a header in the form of a machine 20 for mowing stalk-like crop for the corn crop is visible. By means of the machine 20 picked up from the ground crop, z. As grass or the like is fed in the harvesting operation via a feed conveyor with upper Vorpresswalzen 30 and lower Vorpresswalzen 32, which are arranged within a feed housing 34 on the front side of the harvester 10, arranged below the driver's cab 18 Häckseltrommel 22, which chops it into small pieces and it gives up a conveyor 24. The material leaves the machine 20 to a transporting vehicle traveling alongside by way of a discharge chute and an ejection manifold 26 which is rotatable about an approximately vertical axis and is adjustable in inclination. Between the chopper drum 22 and the conveying device 24 there is arranged a post-processing device with two cooperating rollers 28 through which the conveyed material of the conveyor 24 is fed tangentially. In the following, directional details, such as laterally, downwardly and upwardly, refer to the forward direction V of the harvester 10, which runs to the left in FIG.
    The feeder housing 34 is pivotable by means of an actuator 42 about the axis of rotation of the chopper drum 22 extending horizontally and transversely to the forward direction V in order to be able to adjust the height of the machine 20 relative to the ground.
    In FIG. 1, for better clarity, the machine 20 is shown in a position disassembled by the harvesting machine 10. The attachment of the machine 20 to the harvester 10 by means of an intermediate frame 36 which is attached to the front of the feed housing 34 and is also shown in Figure 1 in a detached position. The intermediate frame 36 is mounted pivotably relative to the feeder housing 34 about a virtual horizontal axis, for which purpose rollers 38 of the intermediate frame are supported on a holder 46 on the front side of the feeder housing 34. The intermediate frame 38 has in its upper region on both sides depending on a fastening device 40, which are realized in the form of pins. The machine 20 is in turn provided in its rear, upper portion with hooks 48 which engage in the mounted state, the fastening means 40 from above and lock the machine 20 on the intermediate frame 36.
    In another embodiment, a front part of the intermediate frame 36 is fixedly connected to the machine 20, and the intermediate frame 36 includes a rear part swingably mounted opposite the front part, which is detachably secured to the intake housing 34.
    FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the machine 20 in which the pre-press rollers 30 are also shown schematically. The machine 20 comprises a cross member 56, which may be integral or composed of several segments, of which the outer segments for transporting on a road by hydraulic cylinders about an axis parallel to the forward direction V axis extending upwards are pivotable. On the cross member eight mowing and collection devices 58a to 58d are supported laterally side by side. Any other number of mowing and collection devices 58 may be used. The mowing and drawing-in devices 58 have lower cutting discs and conveyor discs arranged above them with recesses distributed around their circumference for receiving plant stems. They are preceded by larger stem dividers 60 and smaller stem dividers 62 arranged between them.
    The transverse conveyance of the crop is supported by transverse conveyor drums 64a, 64b which are mounted in the interstice area of rearward adjacent mowing and drawing-in devices 58.
    On the rear sides of the longitudinal center plane 66 adjacent mowing and intake devices 58 are discharge conveyor 68 in the form of so-called inclined conveyor drums. During the harvesting process, the mowing and collection devices 58 rotate in the directions indicated by the arrows. They separate the crop by their cutting discs from
    Soil and pick it up in the recesses of their conveyor discs. It is then transported at its rear sides by the transverse conveyor drums 64a, 64b in cooperation with the rear sides of the mowing and intake devices 58 in the direction of the longitudinal center plane 66 of the header 20. Then it is taken over by the discharge conveyor 68, which promote it first in the direction of the longitudinal center plane 66 to and then back and up in the feed housing 34 of the harvester 10.
    FIG. 3 shows the drive train of the harvesting machine 10 and the machine 20. An internal combustion engine 70 drives via a pulley 72 a belt 74 which cooperates with a pulley 76 which drives the conveyor 24 and with a pulley 78 which drives the chopper drum 22. The chopper drum 22 in turn drives a shaft 80 which drives a pulley 82. The pulley 82 is drivingly connected to a pulley 86 via a belt 84 which drives the input shaft 88 of a cut length transmission 90.
    The cut length gear 90 includes drive elements for driving the pre-press rollers 30, 32. The speed of the pre-press rollers 30, 32 can be changed by the cut length gear 90 in stages or continuously. The cutting length transmission 90 also passes the drive energy from the engine 70 purely mechanically to an output shaft 52, on the front side of a harvesting machine-side coupling half 54 is attached. A harvesting attachment-side coupling half 92 is connected via a shaft 94 to an angle gear 96 in drive connection, the output side drives a first transverse shaft 98, which is designed as a telescopic propeller shaft and an input gear 122 drives a transverse drive shaft 102 of the machine 20, located within the cross member 56 and extends substantially over the entire width of the machine 20. The drive shaft 102 drives via bevel gears (not shown) or the like. Eight angle gear 104a to 104d, each associated with a mowing and collection assembly 58. The drive shaft 102 additionally is connected via four further, smaller angle gear 106a and 106b with the transverse conveyor drums 64a, 64b and two angular gear 108 with the discharge conveyors 68 in drive connection.
    In the illustrated embodiment, the angle gear 96 is fixedly coupled to the feed housing 34, i. the harvesting attachment 20 pivots in its pendulum motion relative to the intake housing 34 and the angle gear 96. The first transverse shaft 98 is therefore telescopic and designed as a propeller shaft. There are also other embodiments conceivable in which the angular gear 96 is fixedly connected to the frame of the header 20 and the pendulum motion is compensated by one or both of the then telescopic shafts 52 and 94.
    During operation, the mowing and intake devices 58a to 58d, which are arranged symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal center plane 66 of the machine 20, convey more crops with their rear sides, the closer they are to the longitudinal center plane 66. The on the inside of the mowing and collection devices 58 a beginning and then on the back sides of the mowing and collection devices 58 b to 58 d to the discharge conveyors 68 and a rear discharge point 110 of the machine 20 extending conveyor channel of the machine 20, over its longitudinal extent, the plants in the machine 20 are promoted must therefore be able to accommodate more and more crop. With homogeneous crop stands in one field, the mowing and intake device 58b conveys twice as much crop as the mowing and intake device 58a, while the mowing and intake device 58c conveys three times and the mowing and intake device 58d four times as much crop as the mowing and intake device 58a , In order to be able to keep the width of the conveying channel approximately constant by increasing the conveying speed of the mowing and drawing-in devices 58a to 58d towards the center of the machine 20, according to the present invention different gears 104a to 104d (and 106a, 106b, 108) are used.
    In one possible embodiment, the gear ratio of the gear 104b is the (1 + x) times the gear 104a, the gear ratio of the gear 104c is the (1 + 2x) times the gear 104a and the gear ratio of the gear 104d is the (1 + 3x) -fold of the gear 104a, where x may be a value greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1, eg 0.2 or 0.5 or 1. Analogously, the ratio of the transmission 106b is greater than that of the transmission 106a and that of the transmission 108 greater than that of the transmission 106b. By this translation choice is achieved that the conveying speed in the conveying channel, which is defined by the peripheral speeds of the conveyor discs of the mowing and collection devices 58a to 58d, the transverse conveyor drums 64a, 64b and the discharge conveyor 68 gradually increases. A provided in the prior art, the growing towards the center distribution of the conveyor channel to adapt to the machine center towards rising crops can thus be smaller than previously failed or even completely eliminated, which the Erntegutförderung at low throughputs or only at the edge of the machine at the mowing and collection devices 58a improves incoming plants.
    In the embodiment of Figure 4, other transmissions 104e-104g, 106c, 106d, and 108 'are used to drive the mowing and retracting devices 58a-58d, cross conveyor drums 64a, 64b, and discharge conveyor 68, which are controlled by associated electric or hydraulic motors. not shown) powered by the harvester 10 with pressurized hydraulic fluid or power. The waves 98 and 102 are therefore eliminated. The electric or hydraulic motors can be driven in operation at a fixed, preferably regulated speed in order to realize the conveying speeds described above with reference to the first embodiment. Alternatively, they are regulated as a function of the respective crop throughput, for example by detecting their drive torques by sensors (not shown) and feeding them to a controller (not shown). The controller then adjusts the conveying speed proportionally to the respective load of the electric or hydraulic motor. As a result, the mode of operation described with reference to the first embodiment is achieved with homogeneous crop stocks. On the other hand, in the case of plants entering only outside (at the mowing and intake devices 58a), the conveying speed is constant over the length of the conveying channel.
    It should also be noted that in the illustrated embodiments, all mowing and collection devices 58a to 58d have identical diameters. It would also be conceivable to choose the diameter of some or all of the mowing and intake devices 58a to 58d differently and to adapt the gear ratio of the associated gear 104a to 104g accordingly.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    claims
    A machine (20) for mowing stalk-like crops having a plurality of laterally juxtaposed mowing and catching means (58a-58d) for cutting and conveying the crop to which a conveying channel extending across the plants width of the machine (20) is associated in that the cut crop is fed through the mowing and gathering devices (58a to 58d) and / or separate conveyors (64a, 64b, 68) at a conveying speed transversely to the center (66) of the machine (20) and from there to a rearward one Delivery point (110) is conveyed, characterized in that the mowing and collection devices (58a to 58d) and / or separate conveyor (64a, 64b, 68) are dimensioned and driven such that the conveying speed in the conveying channel across the width of the machine ( 20) gradually increases towards the center (66).
    [2]
    2. Machine (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that the separate conveyors (64a, 64b) are rearwardly in the gusset region between adjacent mowing and drawing-in devices (58b to 58d) arranged transverse conveyor drums.
    [3]
    3. Machine (20) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mowing and drawing-in devices (58a to 58d) are composed of lower cutting discs and arranged above conveyor discs.
    [4]
    4. Machine (20) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mowing and drawing-in devices (58a to 58d) and / or separate conveyor (64a, 64b, 68) by means of a common shaft (102) from a harvester (10) can be driven forth, which is connected via this associated gear (104a to 104h, 106a to 106d, 108,108 ') with the mowing and collection devices (58a to 58d) and / or separate conveyors (64a, 64b, 68) in drive connection wherein the gears (104a to 104h, 106a to 106d, 108, 108 ') have different gear ratios.
    [5]
    5. Machine (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mowing and drawing-in devices (58a to 58d) and / or separate conveyor (64a, 64b, 68) are driven by their associated motors.
    [6]
    6. Machine (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the mowing and drawing-in devices (58a to 58d) have the same or different diameters.
    [7]
    7. Machine (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conveying speed of the mowing and drawing-in devices (58a to 58d) and / or separate conveyor (64a, 64b, 68) is fixed or variable.
    [8]
    8. Machine according to claim 7, characterized in that a sensor is arranged to detect over the width of the machine the incoming crop throughput and with a controller for specifying the conveying speed of the mowing and intake devices (58a to 58d) and / or separate conveyor ( 64a, 64b, 68).
    [9]
    9. Machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the conveying speed of the mowing and intake devices (58a to 58d) and / or separate conveyor (64a, 64b, 68) at least approximately proportional to the respective throughput of the mowing and drawing-in devices (58a to 58d ) and / or separate conveyor (64a, 64b, 68).
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP1609351B1|2007-05-30|Harvester head drive
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    EP1287732B1|2006-12-13|Harvester head
    EP1495664A1|2005-01-12|Machine for mowing stalk crops
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    BE1022788B1|2016-09-06|MACHINE FOR MOWERING PEGATIVE HARVEST WITH SUCCESSIVE INCREASING CRANE SPEED
    EP1864567B1|2009-06-03|Pick-up
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    EP1566090B1|2007-09-12|Machine for cutting standing crops
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    EP1932417B1|2012-11-21|Device for collecting crops lying on the ground
    DE102013208349B4|2022-01-13|Drive arrangement for a header of a harvesting machine
    DE102006020792A1|2007-11-15|Attachment unit for agricultural harvesting machines, particularly for forage harvester for mowing, holding and carrying forward stem-like harvest, has mowing elements and conveying elements
    DE19809987A1|1999-09-16|Harvester rotary mower equipment for crops and raw materials
    EP1932418A1|2008-06-18|Harvesting device for collecting harvested crops from the ground
    EP1932415A1|2008-06-18|Device comprising a first and a second work unit
    BE1021289B1|2015-10-22|POST-PROCESSING DEVICE FOR A FIELD CHOPPER WITH TWO PLACED WORKING COLUMNS
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102013212174A1|2014-12-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP0760200A1|1995-08-30|1997-03-05|Maschinenfabrik Kemper GmbH|Machine for mowing and chopping maize and suchlike stalk crops|
    DE10249458A1|2001-10-26|2003-05-08|Kemper Gmbh Maschf|Harvesting machine for standing crop has transverse conveyor behind at least one mowing device feeding harvested crop to conveying unit directing it into delivery channel|
    EP1543714A2|2003-12-17|2005-06-22|Claas Saulgau Gmbh|Device for harvesting maize|
    DE102006053771A1|2006-11-15|2008-06-12|Maschinenfabrik Kemper Gmbh & Co. Kg|Agricultural machine to mow standing crops, e.g. of grain, has a conveyor disk between neighboring cutters and drawing-in units to transfer the cut plant stems|
    EP2255610A1|2009-05-28|2010-12-01|CLAAS Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen GmbH|Header for harvesting stalk plants|
    DE19527607C2|1995-07-28|1999-06-02|Claas Saulgau Gmbh|Mower for stalked stalks|
    DE19856444A1|1998-12-08|2000-06-15|Claas Saulgau Gmbh|Attachment device for harvesting machines|DE102016202628A1|2016-02-19|2017-08-24|Deere & Company|Sensor arrangement for monitoring the function of a header|
    DE102021114960A1|2020-06-30|2021-12-30|Deere & Company|Harvesting attachment for harvesting stem-like plants with a variable-speed driven mulching device|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102013212174.1A|DE102013212174A1|2013-06-26|2013-06-26|Machine for mowing stalk-like crops with successively increasing transverse conveying speed|
    DE102013212174.1|2013-06-26|
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